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Some areas saw ongoing progress, such as working arrangements favouring the work-life balance. However, the housing crisis has intensified, and energy poverty is on the rise. Non-European migrants are increasingly marginalised and excluded from essential services. Mismatches between skills and the labour market hamper the green transition. 

Country score: 52

Albania has made notable progress in several critical areas, including education, healthcare, and social protection. However, challenges remain in achieving equal opportunities, particularly for vulnerable groups such as women, minorities, and people with disabilities. 

Country score: 40

Belgium has made significant strides in housing, healthcare, and the fight against poverty. The country grapples with persistent disparities in employment, particularly affecting migrant women and minority groups. Access to housing and energy poverty remain prominent challenges.  

Country score: 52

The country has made notable advances in gender equality, rising in the EU rankings. Migration management remains a challenge, with large numbers of Ukrainian refugees being integrated into social services. Youth unemployment has risen sharply and unaffordable healthcare and energy poverty continue to burden vulnerable groups. 

Country score: 43

While there has been a notable increase in foreign labour, inclusion policies remain inadequate to proper inclusion. Slow wage growth combined with unaffordable housing  and widespread energy poverty hamper economic justice. Healthcare and civic space are two areas where improvements are needed.  

Country score: 41

Budget cuts to education and employment, combined with new immigration laws, threaten social rights. The erosion of civic space and rising poverty are a big threat to social justice and fundamental rights. Progress in areas such as sustainable mobility is overshadowed by the rising cost of and unequal access to transport.

Country score: 50

Germany has made some advances in gender equality, education, and social protection but has also faced notable challenges with persistent gender disparities, a housing shortage, and inclusivity issues for migrants and vulnerable groups. Germany’s ambitious green transition goals were not always combined with social objectives 

Country score: 40

Greece faces significant societal challenges, particularly in housing, healthcare, and poverty eradication. And new labour laws have raised concerns about work-life balance and workers' rights. In addition, limited progress has been made in the green transition and sustainable mobility. 

Country score:

Italy has made strides in renewable energy adoption and digitalization; however, the country still faces significant social challenges, including persistent gender inequality, high youth unemployment, and increasing job insecurity. Migrants and minorities continue to experience systemic marginalization, and civic freedoms are under pressure. 

Country score: 52

North Macedonia is facing opposition to the implementation of gender equality laws, and improvements are needed in education oversight, energy policies, and access to healthcare. In addition, recent funding decisions have strained the relationship between the government and civil society organisations. 

Country score: 40

Portugal faces significant challenges in housing, healthcare, and social inclusion. Access to housing has been jeopardized by rising poverty and inadequate support for vulnerable groups including migrants. Healthcare is strained due to poor working conditions. Civil dialogue remains weak which hinders progress in the highlighted social issues. 

Country score: 50

The country has made notable progress in OHS and in the green transition, but challenges remain in enforcing labour rights and fair working conditions. Housing, gender equality and youth unemployment continue to be problematic. Despite some improvements in healthcare, access remains uneven. Civic space is increasingly restricted. 

Country score: 67

Spain has made significant progress with respect to gender equality thanks to positive parental leave measures, but the pay gap remains an issue. Wage levels have improved thanks to labour reforms and collective bargaining, but poverty and social exclusion persist. Healthcare continues to be a critical issue, especially for vulnerable groups. 

Albania

Score 52

Croatia

Score 43

Greece

Score 40

Spain

Score 67

Germany

Score 50

North Macedonia

Score 52

France

Score 41

Serbia

Score 50

Belgium

Score 40

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 52

Portugal

Score 40

Croatia

Score 53

Greece

Score 50

Spain

Score 73

Germany

Score 47

North Macedonia

Score 50

France

Score 30

Serbia

Score 53

Belgium

Score 40

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 53

Portugal

Score 40

Albania

Score 44

Croatia

Score 50

Greece

Score 36

Spain

Score 83

Germany

Score 53

North Macedonia

Score 53

France

Score 53

Serbia

Score 50

Belgium

Score 39

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 55

Portugal

Score 42

Albania

Score 43

Croatia

Score 30

Greece

Score 37

Spain

Score 40

Germany

Score 50

North Macedonia

Score 50

France

Score 47

Serbia

Score 50

Belgium

Score 33

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 53

Portugal

Score 20

Albania

Score 67

Croatia

Score 17

Greece

Score 33

Spain

Score 83

Germany

Score 50

North Macedonia

Score 50

France

Score 0

Serbia

Score 41

Belgium

Score 42

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 67

Portugal

Score 50

Albania

Score 50

Croatia

Score 50

Greece

Score 39

Spain

Score 55

Germany

Score 50

North Macedonia

Score 55

France

Score 55

Serbia

Score 50

Belgium

Score 50

Italy

Score

Bulgaria

Score 33

Portugal

Score 67

Funded by European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.